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Expression status of GATA3 and mismatch repair proteins in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Yue Wang, Jinxia Zhang, Yunfan Wang, Shufang Wang, Yu Zhang, Qi Miao, Fei Gao, Huiying He

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 730-740 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0687-7

摘要： GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency contribute to the development of urothelial carcinoma. However, the combined expression of GATA3 and microsatellite instability (MSI) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and its prognostic value have not been investigated. Here, we immunohistochemically stained GATA3 and MMR proteins in 108 UTUC samples. GATA3 was positive in 74 cases, and its expression was significantly lower than in adjacent benign urothelium ( <0.001). Loss of GATA3 expression was statistically associated with adverse clinicopathologic parameters, such as advanced stage, lymphovascular invasion, neural invasion, lymph node metastasis, and extensive necrosis. Cancer-specific survival (CSS, =0.028) and disease-free survival (DFS, =0.024) were significantly shorter in patients with GATA3 negative tumors than in patients with GATA3 positive tumors. The absence of MMR proteins was observed in 8.3% of the cases, and focal staining was identified in 13.0%. When using “lax criteria” which resulted in counting cases as negative where MMR staining was in fact focally positive (<5%), we found that GATA3 was inversely associated with MSI ( =0.005). Moreover, GATA3 /microsatellite stability (MS) tumors were correlated with advanced pT stage ( <0.001) and poor outcome ( =0.019 for CSS, =0.016 for DFS) compared with GATA3 /MSI ones. The GATA3 /MSI cases had unfavorable clinical outcomes compared with GATA3 /MSI cases ( =0.008 for CSS, =0.023 for DFS). This finding raises a question as to whether GATA3 interacts with MSI through the TGF- signaling pathway and regulates UTUC progression.

关键词： upper tract urothelial carcinoma     GATA binding protein 3     mismatch repair     microsatellite instability     prognosis    

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Detecting genetic hypermutability of gastrointestinal tumor by using a forensic STR kit

Anqi Chen, Suhua Zhang, Jixi Li, Chaoneng Ji, Jinzhong Chen, Chengtao Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 101-111 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0698-4

摘要： Growing evidence suggests that somatic hypermutational status and programmed cell death-1 overexpression are potential predictive biomarkers indicating treatment benefits from immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, biomarker-matched trials are still limited, and many of the genomic alterations remain difficult to target. To isolate the potential somatic hypermutational tumor from microsatellite instability low/microsatellite stability (MSI-L/MSS) cases, we employed two commercial kits to determine MSI and forensic short tandem repeat (STR) alternations in 250 gastrointestinal (GI) tumors. Three types of forensic STR alternations, namely, allelic loss, Aadd, and Anew, were identified. 62.4% (156/250) of the patients with GI exhibited STR alternation, including 100% (15/15) and 60% (141/235) of the microsatellite high instability and MSI-L/MSS cases, respectively. 30% (75/250) of the patients exhibited STR instability with more than 26.32% (26.32%–84.21%) STR alternation. The cutoff with 26.32% of the STR alternations covered all 15 MSI cases and suggested that it might be a potential threshold. Given the similar mechanism of the mutations of MSI and forensic STR, the widely used forensic identifier STR kit might provide potential usage for identifying hypermutational status in GI cancers.

关键词： mismatch repair protein deficiency (MMR-D)     microsatellite instability (MSI)     short tandem repeats (STR)     gastrointestinal tumor     hypermutability    

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Generation and repair of AID-initiated DNA lesions in B lymphocytes

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 201-216 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0324-4

摘要：

Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates the secondary antibody diversification process in B lymphocytes. In mammalian B cells, this process includes somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR), both of which require AID. AID induces U:G mismatch lesions in DNA that are subsequently converted into point mutations or DNA double stranded breaks during SHM/CSR. In a physiological context, AID targets immunoglobulin (Ig) loci to mediate SHM/CSR. However, recent studies reveal genome-wide access of AID to numerous non-Ig loci. Thus, AID poses a threat to the genome of B cells if AID-initiated DNA lesions cannot be properly repaired. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms that regulate the specificity of AID targeting and the repair pathways responsible for processing AID-initiated DNA lesions.

关键词： class switch recombination     somatic hypermutation     activation-induced deaminase     DNA repair     genomic instability    

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Bile duct injury repair — earlier is not better

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 508-511 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0418-7

摘要：

Bile duct injury is a common complication of cholecystectomy. The timing of bile duct injury repair remains controversial. A recent review conducted in France reported 39% complications and 64% failure after immediate repair in 194 patients compared with 14% complications and 8% failure after late repair in 133 patients. A national review of 139 consecutive early repairs conducted at five hepatopancreaticobiliary centers in Denmark reported 4% mortality, 36% morbidity, and 42 restrictures (30%) at a median follow-up of 102 months, and only 64 patients (46%) demonstrated uneventful short-term and long-term outcomes. Most patients with bile duct injury present with bile leak and sepsis; thus, early repair is not recommended. Percutaneous drainage of bile and endoscopic stenting are the mainstays of treatment of bile leak because they convert acute bile duct injury into a controlled external biliary fistula. The ensuing benign biliary stricture should be repaired by a biliary surgeon after a delay of 4–6 weeks once the external biliary fistula has closed.

关键词： bile duct injury     cholecystectomy     laparoscopic cholecystectomy    

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Mobile platform for hydraulic turbine blade repair robot

GUI Zhongcheng, CHEN Qiang, SUN Zhenguo, ZHANG Wenzeng, LIU Kang

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第2期   页码 164-169 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0035-0

摘要： The wall-climbing mobile platform (MP) of a robot for repairing a hydraulic turbine blade onsite is developed. The MP is equipped with ferromagnetic adhesive devices and can work on a spatial curved surface. The contradiction between mobility and load-bearing ability is analyzed, and the problem of self-adaptation to the curved face is solved using differential-driven wheeled locomotion with ferromagnetic adhesive devices. The platform adheres to the blade surface through the force provided by the ferromagnetic devices, and a certain gap exists between the magnetic devices and the blade’s surface. A mechanism of three revolution degrees of freedom, which connects the magnetic devices with the platform’s chassis, is developed to make the platform self-adapt to the complex curved surface of the turbine blade. A proof-of-principle prototype has been manufactured, and experiments prove the success of the MP. The payload of the zero-turn-radius MP with excellent maneuverability exceeds 80 kg. The platform can automatically adapt to complex spatial surfaces, which satisfy the requirements of a hydraulic turbine blade in-situ repair robot.
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The effects of mismatch fracture properties in encapsulation-based self-healing concrete using cohesive-zone

Luthfi Muhammad MAULUDIN, Chahmi OUCIF, Timon RABCZUK

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 792-801 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0629-0

摘要： Finite element analysis is developed to simulate the breakage of capsule in capsule-based self-healing concrete. A 2D circular capsule with different core-shell thickness ratios embedded in the mortar matrix is analyzed numerically along with their interfacial transition zone. Zero-thickness cohesive elements are pre-inserted into solid elements to represent potential cracks. This study focuses on the effects of mismatch fracture properties, namely fracture strength and energy, between capsule and mortar matrix into the breakage likelihood of the capsule. The extensive simulations of 2D specimens under uniaxial tension were carried out to investigate the key features on the fracture patterns of the capsule and produce the fracture maps as the results. The developed fracture maps of capsules present a simple but valuable tool to assist the experimentalists in designing appropriate capsule materials for self-healing concrete.

关键词： self-healing concrete     interfacial zone     capsule materials     cohesive elements     fracture maps    

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Experimental study and field application of calcium sulfoaluminate cement for rapid repair of concrete

Yanhua GUAN, Ying GAO, Renjuan SUN, Moon C. WON, Zhi GE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 338-345 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0411-0

摘要： The fast-track repair of deteriorated concrete pavement requires materials that can be placed, cured, and opened to the traffic in a short period. Type III cement and Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement are the most commonly used fast-setting hydraulic cement (FSHC). In this study, the properties of Type III and CSA cement concrete, including compressive strength, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and shrinkage were evaluated. The test results indicate that compressive strength of FSHC concrete increased rapidly at the early age. CSA cement concrete had higher early-age and long term strength. The shrinkage of CSA cement concrete was lower than that of Type III cement concrete. Both CSA and Type III cement concrete had similar CTE values. Based on the laboratory results, the CSA cement was selected as the partial-depth rapid repair material for a distressed continuously reinforced concrete pavement. The data collected during and after the repair show that the CSA cement concrete had good short-term and long-term performances and, therefore, was suitable for the rapid repair of concrete pavement.

关键词： Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement     Type III cement     coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)     shrinkage     rapid repair    

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Evidence for lung repair and regeneration in humans: key stem cells and therapeutic functions of fibroblast

Xuran Chu, Chengshui Chen, Chaolei Chen, Jin-San Zhang, Saverio Bellusci, Xiaokun Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 262-272 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0717-5

摘要： Regeneration carries the idea of regrowing partially or completely a missing organ. Repair, on the other hand, allows restoring the function of an existing but failing organ. The recognition that human lungs can both repair and regenerate is quite novel, the concept has not been widely used to treat patients. We present evidence that the human adult lung does repair and regenerate and introduce different ways to harness this power. Various types of lung stem cells are capable of proliferating and differentiating upon injury driving the repair/regeneration process. Injury models, primarily in mice, combined with lineage tracing studies, have allowed the identification of these important cells. Some of these cells, such as basal cells, broncho-alveolar stem cells, and alveolar type 2 cells, rely on fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling for their survival, proliferation and/or differentiation. While pre-clinical studies have shown the therapeutic benefits of FGFs, a recent clinical trial for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) using intravenous injection of FGF7 did not report the expected beneficial effects. We discuss the potential reasons for these negative results and propose the rationale for new approaches for future clinical trials, such as delivery of FGFs to the damaged lungs through efficient inhalation systems, which may be more promising than systemic exposure to FGFs. While this change in the administration route presents a challenge, the therapeutic promises displayed by FGFs are worth the effort.

关键词： FGF     human lung     repair     regeneration     stem cells    

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Effect of natural pozzolan content on the properties of engineered cementitious composites as repair

Said CHOUCHA, Amar BENYAHIA, Mohamed GHRICI, Mohamed Said MANSOUR

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 261-269 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0394-x

摘要：

In order to determine the effect of Natural Pozzolan (NP) content on the mechanical properties and durability characteristics on Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) as repair material. This study focused on the evaluation of the most factors influencing compatibility between the repair material and the base concrete including mechanicals properties such as, compressive and flexural strengths, elastic modulus, capillary absorption and drying shrinkage. The experimental results showed that natural pozzolan reduces the compressive strength and the flexural strength of ECC at all ages. The elastic modulus of ECC was remarkably lower than that of normal-strength concrete. This lower Young’s modulus is desirable for repair concrete, because it prevents the stresses induced by restrained shrinkage. In addition, the incorporation of high-volume natural pozzolan decreases significantly the coefficient of capillary absorption at long term and increases the drying shrinkage. Generally, based on the results obtained in the present experimental investigation, ECC can be used effectively as an overlay material over existing parent concrete.

关键词： natural pozzolan     engineered cementitious composites     mechanical strengths     elastic modulus     capillary absorption     drying shrinkage    

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Investigating peak stresses in fitting and repair patches of buried polyethylene gas pipes

Reza KHADEMI ZAHEDI, Pouyan ALIMOURI, Hooman KHADEMI ZAHEDI, Mohammad SHISHESAZ

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 147-168 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0587-6

摘要： Nowadays, polyethylene composes a large number of natural gas distribution pipelines installed under the ground. The focus of the present contribution is two fold. One of the objectives is to investigate the applicability of polyethylene fittings in joining polyethylene gas pipes which are electrofused onto the pipe ends and buried under the ground, by estimating stress distribution using finite element method. The second objective is to study the effectiveness of polyethylene repair patches which are used to mend the defected pipelines by performing a finite element analysis to calculate peak stress values. Buried polyethylene pipelines in the natural gas industry, can be imposed by sever loadings including the soil-structure interaction, traffic load, soil’s column weight, internal pressure, and thermal loads resulting from daily and/or seasonal temperature changes. Additionally, due to the application of pipe joints, and repair patches local stresses superimposed on the aforementioned loading effects. The pipe is assumed to be made of PE80 resin and its jointing socket, and the repair patch is PE100 material. The computational analysis of stresses and the computer simulations are performed using ANSYS commercial software. According to the results, the peak stress values take place in the middle of the fitting and at its internal surface. The maximum stress values in fitting and pipe are below the allowable stresses which shows the proper use of introduced fitting is applicable even in hot climate areas of Ahvaz, Iran. Although the buried pipe is imposed to the maximum values of stresses, the PE100 socket is more sensitive to a temperature drop. Furthermore, all four studied patch arrangements show significant reinforcing effects on the defected section of the buried PE gas pipe to transfer applied loads. Meanwhile, the defected buried medium density polyethylene gas pipe and its saddle fused patch can resist the imposed mechanical and thermal loads of 22°C temperature increase. Moreover, increasing the saddle fusion patch length to 12 inches reduces the maximum stress values in the pipe, significantly.

关键词： Ansys software     polyethylene     buried pipelines     polyethylene joints     polyethylene patches     peak von Mises stress     soil-pipe interaction     temperature variation    

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Regulation and function of histone acetyltransferase MOF

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 79-83 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0314-6

摘要：

The mammalian MOF (male absent on the first), a member of the MYST (MOZ, YBF2, SAS2, and Tip60) family of histone acetyltransferases (HATs), is the major enzyme that catalyzes the acetylation of histone H4 on lysine 16. Acetylation of K16 is a prevalent mark associated with chromatin decondensation. MOF has recently been shown to play an essential role in maintaining normal cell functions. In this study, we discuss the important roles of MOF in DNA damage repair, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. We also analyze the role of MOF as a key regulator of the core transcriptional network of embryonic stem cells.

关键词： MOF     histone acetyltransferase     DNA damage repair     tumorigenesis     embryonic stem cells    

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Comparing the effects of Bassini versus tension-free hernioplasty: 3 years’ follow-up

Yulong SHI, Zhongxue SU, Leping LI, Hongjun LIU, Changqing JING,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 463-468 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0050-5

摘要： In order to compare the effects of Bassini and tension-free mesh hernioplasty, a total of 552 patients with inguinal hernia who were subjected to surgical treatment in our hospital were randomly divided into the following two groups: the Bassini group (=269) and the tension-free mesh group (=283). The recurrence rates, pain, discomfort, and other complications were recorded, and the causes of the complications were explored. The recurrence rate in the Bassini group was 8.9% (24/269), significantly higher than that in the tension-free repair group (2.8%, 8/283). In addition, the recurrence rates in the Bassini and tension-free groups before 2004 were 12.6% and 5.6%, respectively, which were markedly higher than the rates after 2004 (5.3% and 0.7%, respectively). The rate of post-operative discomfort and pain within the first three months was higher in the Bassini group compared to the tension-free group (25.7% 18.5%, respectively). However, there was no difference after three months in the rate of post-operative discomfort and pain, incidence of infection, or scrotal edema between the two groups. The average hospital stay in the Bassini group was longer than that in the tension-free repair group (7.6€±€1.2 4.5€±€2.2 days, respectively), but the cost was lower (4518.0€±€510 6221.3€±€578 yuan, respectively). Thus, tension-free mesh hernioplasty is indicated for most inguinal hernia patients due to the low recurrence rate, rapid recovery time, and treatment success, but the traditional Bassini procedure has lower cost and other beneficial effects and is still suitable for some patients.

关键词： hernioplasty     Bassini repair     tension-free repair     complication    

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农民获得农业装备维修权

Mitch Leslie

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第27卷 第8期   页码 8-10 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.06.002

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Decellularized extracellular matrix mediates tissue construction and regeneration

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 56-82 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0900-3

摘要： Contributing to organ formation and tissue regeneration, extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents provide tissue with three-dimensional (3D) structural integrity and cellular-function regulation. Containing the crucial traits of the cellular microenvironment, ECM substitutes mediate cell–matrix interactions to prompt stem-cell proliferation and differentiation for 3D organoid construction in vitro or tissue regeneration in vivo. However, these ECMs are often applied generically and have yet to be extensively developed for specific cell types in 3D cultures. Cultured cells also produce rich ECM, particularly stromal cells. Cellular ECM improves 3D culture development in vitro and tissue remodeling during wound healing after implantation into the host as well. Gaining better insight into ECM derived from either tissue or cells that regulate 3D tissue reconstruction or organ regeneration helps us to select, produce, and implant the most suitable ECM and thus promote 3D organoid culture and tissue remodeling for in vivo regeneration. Overall, the decellularization methodologies and tissue/cell-derived ECM as scaffolds or cellular-growth supplements used in cell propagation and differentiation for 3D tissue culture in vitro are discussed. Moreover, current preclinical applications by which ECM components modulate the wound-healing process are reviewed.

关键词： decellularized extracellular matrix     3D culture     organoids     tissue repair    

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Stem cell niches and endogenous electric fields in tissue repair

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 40-44 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0108-z

摘要：

Adult stem cells are responsible for homeostasis and repair of many tissues. Endogenous adult stem cells reside in certain regions of organs, known as the stem cell niche, which is recognized to have an important role in regulating tissue maintenance and repair. In wound healing and tissue repair, stem cells are mobilized and recruited to the site of wound, and participate in the repair process. Many regulatory factors are involved in the stem cell-based repair process, including stem cell niches and endogenous wound electric fields, which are present at wound tissues and proved to be important in guiding wound healing. Here we briefly review the role of stem cell niches and endogenous electric fields in tissue repair, and hypothesize that endogenous electric fields become part of stem cell niche in the wound site.

关键词： stem cell     stem cell niche     electric field     tissue repair    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Expression status of GATA3 and mismatch repair proteins in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Yue Wang, Jinxia Zhang, Yunfan Wang, Shufang Wang, Yu Zhang, Qi Miao, Fei Gao, Huiying He

期刊论文

Detecting genetic hypermutability of gastrointestinal tumor by using a forensic STR kit

Anqi Chen, Suhua Zhang, Jixi Li, Chaoneng Ji, Jinzhong Chen, Chengtao Li

期刊论文

Generation and repair of AID-initiated DNA lesions in B lymphocytes

null

期刊论文

Bile duct injury repair — earlier is not better

null

期刊论文

Mobile platform for hydraulic turbine blade repair robot

GUI Zhongcheng, CHEN Qiang, SUN Zhenguo, ZHANG Wenzeng, LIU Kang

期刊论文

The effects of mismatch fracture properties in encapsulation-based self-healing concrete using cohesive-zone

Luthfi Muhammad MAULUDIN, Chahmi OUCIF, Timon RABCZUK

期刊论文

Experimental study and field application of calcium sulfoaluminate cement for rapid repair of concrete

Yanhua GUAN, Ying GAO, Renjuan SUN, Moon C. WON, Zhi GE

期刊论文

Evidence for lung repair and regeneration in humans: key stem cells and therapeutic functions of fibroblast

Xuran Chu, Chengshui Chen, Chaolei Chen, Jin-San Zhang, Saverio Bellusci, Xiaokun Li

期刊论文

Effect of natural pozzolan content on the properties of engineered cementitious composites as repair

Said CHOUCHA, Amar BENYAHIA, Mohamed GHRICI, Mohamed Said MANSOUR

期刊论文

Investigating peak stresses in fitting and repair patches of buried polyethylene gas pipes

Reza KHADEMI ZAHEDI, Pouyan ALIMOURI, Hooman KHADEMI ZAHEDI, Mohammad SHISHESAZ

期刊论文

Regulation and function of histone acetyltransferase MOF

null

期刊论文

Comparing the effects of Bassini versus tension-free hernioplasty: 3 years’ follow-up

Yulong SHI, Zhongxue SU, Leping LI, Hongjun LIU, Changqing JING,

期刊论文

农民获得农业装备维修权

Mitch Leslie

期刊论文

Decellularized extracellular matrix mediates tissue construction and regeneration

期刊论文

Stem cell niches and endogenous electric fields in tissue repair

null

期刊论文